---
title: The common herd of warlike adventurers, the mere men of the sword, w… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The common herd of warlike adventurers, the mere men of the sword, who had thronged to Spain for the purpose of ravage and rapine, were disappointed at being thus checked in their career, and at seeing the reign of terror and violence drawing to a close. Who acts: sword, common herd, ravage. A sente
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Conduct of Abdalasis As Emir of Spain., sentence 34

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The common herd of warlike adventurers, the mere men of the sword, who had thronged to Spain for the purpose of ravage and rapine, were disappointed at being thus checked in their career, and at seeing the reign of terror and violence drawing to a close.

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**Who acts:** sword, common herd, ravage · **What happens:** throng, be, check, see, draw, purpose · **To what, where:** Spain, career, reign, close

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Conduct of Abdalasis As Emir of Spain.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sword, common herd, ravage), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:36:34
# text = The common herd of warlike adventurers, the mere men of the sword, who had thronged to Spain for the purpose of ravage and rapine, were disappointed at being thus checked in their career, and at seeing the reign of terror and violence drawing to a close.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	herd	herd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	warlike	warlike	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	adventurers	adventurer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	mere	mere	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	appos	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
16	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	thronged	throng	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	acl:relcl	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
20	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	purpose	purpose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
23	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	ravage	ravage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	rapine	rapine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
28	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
29	disappointed	disappointed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
30	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
31	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	33	aux:pass	_	_
32	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
33	checked	check	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	advcl	_	_
34	in	in	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	36	nmod:poss	_	_
36	career	career	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
38	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
39	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	40	mark	_	_
40	seeing	see	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	47	advcl	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	reign	reign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	obj	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	44	case	_	_
44	terror	terror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nmod	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
46	violence	violence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	conj	_	_
47	drawing	draw	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	29	advcl	_	_
48	to	to	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
49	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	50	det	_	_
50	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	47	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throng** | past · perfect | the sword |  | Spain |  |  | for the purpose of ravage and rapine | vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location |
| 2 | **is** | past | the common herd of warlike adventurers |  |  |  |  | disappointed *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **check** | gerund · passive | the common herd of warlike adventurers *not said here* |  |  | men's career |  | thus *property* | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: in career=Location |
| 4 | **see** | gerund |  | the reign of terror and violence |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer reign=Stimulus |
| 5 | **draw** | gerund | the common herd of warlike adventurers *not said here* |  |  | a close |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent to close=Destination |
| 6 | **purpose** |  | ravage |  |  |  |  |  | nom purpose «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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