---
title: She was lofty in her demeanour, and the others always paid her rever… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: She was lofty in her demeanour, and the others always paid her reverence; yet sorrow had given a softness to her charms, and rendered her beauty touching to the heart. Who acts: Lusitania, others, beauty. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Loves of Abdalasis and E
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Loves of Abdalasis and Exilona., sentence 10

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She was lofty in her demeanour, and the others always paid her reverence; yet sorrow had given a softness to her charms, and rendered her beauty touching to the heart.

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**Who acts:** Lusitania, others, beauty · **What happens:** be, pay, give, render, touch, reverence · **To what, where:** demeanour, reverence, sorrow, beauty

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Loves of Abdalasis and Exilona.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lusitania, others, beauty), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:37:10
# text = She was lofty in her demeanour, and the others always paid her reverence; yet sorrow had given a softness to her charms, and rendered her beauty touching to the heart.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	lofty	lofty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	demeanour	demeanour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
11	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	12	advmod	_	_
12	paid	pay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	reverence	reverence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	yet	yet	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	sorrow	sorrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	softness	softness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	charms	charm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	rendered	render	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
28	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	beauty	beauty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
30	touching	touch	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	29	acl	_	_
31	to	to	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Lusitania |  |  | Lusitania's demeanour |  | lofty *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **pay** | past | the others | Lusitania's reverence |  |  |  | always *property* | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reverence=Asset |
| 3 | **give** | past · perfect · passive |  | sorrow |  |  |  | a softness *obj* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient softness=Theme |
| 4 | **render** | past | Lusitania *not said here* | Lusitania's beauty |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beauty=Theme |
| 5 | **touch** | gerund | Lusitania's beauty *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the heart | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **reverence** |  | Lusitania |  |  |  |  |  | nom reverence «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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