---
title: When the sage Ayub heard of the resolution of Abdalasis to espouse E… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: When the sage Ayub heard of the resolution of Abdalasis to espouse Exilona he was in despair. Who acts: sage, Abdalasis. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Loves of Abdalasis and Exilona., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Loves of Abdalasis and Exilona., sentence 41

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When the sage Ayub heard of the resolution of Abdalasis to espouse Exilona he was in despair.

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**Who acts:** sage, Abdalasis · **What happens:** hear, espouse, be, resolve · **To what, where:** Exilona, despair, Abdalasis

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Loves of Abdalasis and Exilona.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sage, Abdalasis), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:37:41
# text = When the sage Ayub heard of the resolution of Abdalasis to espouse Exilona he was in despair.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	sage	sage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	Ayub	Ayub	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
5	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	resolution	resolution	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Abdalasis	Abdalasis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	espouse	espouse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
13	Exilona	Exilona	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
16	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	despair	despair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past | the sage |  |  |  |  | of the resolution of Abdalasis | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of resolution=Stimulus |
| 2 | **espouse** | to-infinitive | the sage *not said here* | Exilona |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past | Abdalasis |  |  | despair |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **resolve** |  |  | Abdalasis |  |  |  |  | nom resolution «communication transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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