---
title: “Never,” said she, “has there been a king in Spain that did not wear… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: “Never,” said she, “has there been a king in Spain that did not wear a crown.” Who acts: Exilona. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Fate of Abdalasis and Exilona.—death of Muza., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/38/12/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends of the conquest of Spain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/) / [Fate of Abdalasis and Exilona.—death o…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/38/) / 12

# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Fate of Abdalasis and Exilona.—death of Muza., sentence 12

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“Never,” said she, “has there been a king in Spain that did not wear a crown.”

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Exilona · **What happens:** not say, have, be, not wear · **To what, where:** king, Spain, that · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Fate of Abdalasis and Exilona.—death of Muza.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Exilona), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:38:12
# text = “Never,” said she, “has there been a king in Spain that did not wear a crown.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	ccomp	_	_
10	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
11	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	Spain	Spain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	obj	_	_
17	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	wear	wear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	13	parataxis	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	crown	crown	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* | past | Exilona |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **have** *in a quote* | present |  |  |  | there |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | participle |  | a king |  | Spain |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **wear** *in a quote* | past · do-support |  | that |  |  |  | a crown *obj* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/38/11/)
- next →: [sentence 13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/38/13/)
- ↑ back to [Fate of Abdalasis and Exilona.—death of Muza.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/38/)