---
title: It is affirmed by ancient and discreet chroniclers, that Abdalasis o… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: It is affirmed by ancient and discreet chroniclers, that Abdalasis only assumed this royal state in the privacy of his palace, and to gratify the eye of his youthful bride: but where was a secret ever confined within the walls of a palace? Who acts: ancient chroniclers, Abdalasis. A sentence of «Leg
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Fate of Abdalasis and Exilona.—death of Muza., sentence 15

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It is affirmed by ancient and discreet chroniclers, that Abdalasis only assumed this royal state in the privacy of his palace, and to gratify the eye of his youthful bride: but where was a secret ever confined within the walls of a palace?

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**Who acts:** ancient chroniclers, Abdalasis · **What happens:** affirm, assume, gratify, be, confine · **To what, where:** crown, royal state, privacy, eye, secret

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Fate of Abdalasis and Exilona.—death of Muza.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ancient chroniclers, Abdalasis), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:38:15
# text = It is affirmed by ancient and discreet chroniclers, that Abdalasis only assumed this royal state in the privacy of his palace, and to gratify the eye of his youthful bride: but where was a secret ever confined within the walls of a palace?
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	affirmed	affirm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	ancient	ancient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	discreet	discreet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	chroniclers	chronicler	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
11	Abdalasis	Abdalasis	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
12	only	only	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	assumed	assume	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
14	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	16	det	_	_
15	royal	royal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	state	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	privacy	privacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	gratify	gratify	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
31	youthful	youthful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	bride	bride	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	_
34	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
35	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	38	advmod	_	_
36	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	cop	_	_
37	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	secret	secret	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nsubj:pass	_	_
39	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	40	advmod	_	_
40	confined	confine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	parataxis	_	_
41	within	within	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obl	_	_
44	of	of	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
45	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	palace	palace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **affirm** | present · passive | ancient chroniclers | crown |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **assume** | past | Abdalasis | this royal state |  | the privacy of Abdalasis's palace |  |  | vn adopt-93.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent state=Theme |
| 3 | **gratify** | to-infinitive | ancient chroniclers *not said here* | the eye of Abdalasis's youthful bride |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus eye=Experiencer |
| 4 | **is a** | past |  | a secret |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **confine** | participle · passive |  | a secret |  |  | ever | within the walls of a palace | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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