---
title: He shortly after received tidings of the death of his two sons, whom… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: He shortly after received tidings of the death of his two sons, whom he had left in the government of western Africa, and who had fallen victims to the jealous suspicions of the caliph. Who acts: government, received tidings, two sons. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington I
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Fate of Abdalasis and Exilona.—death of Muza., sentence 58

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He shortly after received tidings of the death of his two sons, whom he had left in the government of western Africa, and who had fallen victims to the jealous suspicions of the caliph.

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**Who acts:** government, received tidings, two sons · **What happens:** receive, leave, fall, die, suspect · **To what, where:** two sons, victims, caliph

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Fate of Abdalasis and Exilona.—death of Muza.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (government, received tidings, two sons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:38:58
# text = He shortly after received tidings of the death of his two sons, whom he had left in the government of western Africa, and who had fallen victims to the jealous suspicions of the caliph.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	shortly	shortly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
3	after	after	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	received	receive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	tidings	tiding	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	whom	whom	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
16	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	government	government	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl:agent	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	western	western	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
26	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj	_	_
27	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
29	victims	victim	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obj	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
32	jealous	jealous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	33	amod	_	_
33	suspicions	suspicion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obl	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	caliph	caliph	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **receive** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **leave** | past · perfect · passive | the government of western Africa | veteran's two sons |  |  |  | veteran *nsubj* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 3 | **fall** | past · perfect | received tidings  veteran of the death of veteran's two sons | victims |  |  |  | to the jealous suspicions of the caliph *result* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient victim=Extent to suspicion=Result |
| 5 | **die** |  | veteran's two sons |  |  |  |  |  | nom death «event intransitive»: of=agent |
| 6 | **suspect** |  |  | the caliph |  |  |  |  | nom suspicion «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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