---
title: His advanced age was not proof against these repeated blows, and thi… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: His advanced age was not proof against these repeated blows, and this utter ruin of his late prosperous family; and he sank into his grave, sorrowing and broken-hearted. Who acts: advanced age, veteran. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Fate of Abdalasis and Exil
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Fate of Abdalasis and Exilona.—death of Muza., sentence 59

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His advanced age was not proof against these repeated blows, and this utter ruin of his late prosperous family; and he sank into his grave, sorrowing and broken-hearted.

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**Who acts:** advanced age, veteran · **What happens:** not be, repeat, sink, sorrow, break, ruin · **To what, where:** proof, grave, late prosperous family

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Fate of Abdalasis and Exilona.—death of Muza.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (advanced age, veteran), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:38:59
# text = His advanced age was not proof against these repeated blows, and this utter ruin of his late prosperous family; and he sank into his grave, sorrowing and broken-hearted.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	advanced	advanced	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	proof	proof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	against	against	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	10	det	_	_
9	repeated	repeat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	blows	blow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	15	det	_	_
14	utter	utter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	ruin	ruin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
18	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
19	prosperous	prosperous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	sank	sink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
25	into	into	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	27	nmod:poss	_	_
27	grave	grave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
29	sorrowing	sorrow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	24	advcl	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	31	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	hearted	hearted	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | past | veteran's advanced age | proof and this utter ruin of veteran's late prosperous family |  |  |  | against this repeated blows; this utter ruin of veteran's late prosperous family *conj* | tree rules |
| 2 | **repeat** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 3 | **sink** | past | veteran |  |  | veteran's grave |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **sorrow** | gerund | veteran *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **break** | participle | veteran *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hearted *property* | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **ruin** |  |  | veteran's late prosperous family |  |  |  |  | nom ruin «state transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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