---
title: He withered under the execration of his fellow men; and last, and wo… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: He withered under the execration of his fellow men; and last, and worst of all, he began to loathe himself. Who acts: tree. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His Family., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Legend of Count Julian and His Family., sentence 16

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He withered under the execration of his fellow men; and last, and worst of all, he began to loathe himself.

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**Who acts:** tree · **What happens:** wither, begin, loathe, execrate · **To what, where:** execration, tree, fellow men

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His Family.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:39:16
# text = He withered under the execration of his fellow men; and last, and worst of all, he began to loathe himself.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	withered	wither	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	under	under	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	execration	execration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	fellow	fellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	worst	bad	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	2	advcl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	loathe	loathe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
23	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wither** | past | tree |  |  | the execration of tree's fellow men |  |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **begin** | past | tree |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **loathe** | to-infinitive | tree *not said here* | tree |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer himself=Stimulus |
| 4 | **execrate** |  |  | tree's fellow men |  |  |  |  | nom execration «feeling transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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