---
title: It remains to close this eventful history, by holding up as a signal… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: It remains to close this eventful history, by holding up as a signal warning the fate of the traitor, whose perfidious scheme of vengeance brought ruin on his native land. Who acts: space, traitor. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His 
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Legend of Count Julian and His Family., sentence 4

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It remains to close this eventful history, by holding up as a signal warning the fate of the traitor, whose perfidious scheme of vengeance brought ruin on his native land.

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**Who acts:** space, traitor · **What happens:** remain, close, hold up, warn, bring, fate · **To what, where:** eventful history, fate, traitor, vengeance brought ruin

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His Family.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (space, traitor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:39:4
# text = It remains to close this eventful history, by holding up as a signal warning the fate of the traitor, whose perfidious scheme of vengeance brought ruin on his native land.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	remains	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	close	close	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
6	eventful	eventful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	history	history	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	signal	signal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
15	warning	warn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	fate	fate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	traitor	traitor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	24	nmod:poss	_	_
23	perfidious	perfidious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	scheme	scheme	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	appos	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	vengeance	vengeance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
27	brought	bring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	28	amod	_	_
28	ruin	ruin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
29	on	on	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	32	nmod:poss	_	_
31	native	native	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | present | space |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **close** | to-infinitive | space *not said here* | this eventful history |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent history=Patient |
| 3 | **hold up** | gerund | space *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as a signal | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 4 | **warn** *speech: warn* | gerund | space *not said here* | the fate of the traitor |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent fate=Recipient |
| 5 | **bring** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **fate** |  |  | the traitor |  |  |  |  | nom fate «event transitive»: of=patient |
| 7 | **scheme** |  | the traitor | vengeance brought ruin on Spain's native land |  |  |  |  | nom scheme «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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