---
title: “O emir,” said he, “be on your guard! — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: “O emir,” said he, “be on your guard! Who acts: emir. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His Family., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Legend of Count Julian and His Family., sentence 54

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“O emir,” said he, “be on your guard!

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**Who acts:** emir · **What happens:** say, be · **To what, where:** guard · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His Family.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (emir), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:39:54
# text = “O emir,” said he, “be on your guard!
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	O	o	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	_
3	emir	emir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	cop	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	guard	guard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: express* | past | emir |  |  |  |  | astrologer *nsubj* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  | your guard |  | your *nmod:poss* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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