---
title: His hesitation, and the circumstance of his having sent his family a… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: His hesitation, and the circumstance of his having sent his family across the straits to Africa, were construed by the jealous mind of the emir into proofs of guilt. Who acts: hesitation, jealous mind, Count. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Juli
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Legend of Count Julian and His Family., sentence 63

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His hesitation, and the circumstance of his having sent his family across the straits to Africa, were construed by the jealous mind of the emir into proofs of guilt.

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**Who acts:** hesitation, jealous mind, Count · **What happens:** have, send, construe, hesitate, mind, proof · **To what, where:** circumstance, family, straits, proofs, emir, guilt

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His Family.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hesitation, jealous mind, Count), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:39:63
# text = His hesitation, and the circumstance of his having sent his family across the straits to Africa, were construed by the jealous mind of the emir into proofs of guilt.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	hesitation	hesitation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	circumstance	circumstance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
7	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Gender=Masc|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
10	sent	send	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	across	across	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	straits	strait	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	Africa	Africa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux:pass	_	_
20	construed	construe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	_
21	by	by	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	jealous	jealous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	mind	mind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	emir	emir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
28	into	into	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	proofs	proof	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	guilt	guilt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | gerund | hesitation | the circumstance *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent circumstance=Patient |
| 2 | **send** | past | Count's hesitation | Count's family |  | the straits to Africa |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent family=Theme |
| 3 | **construe** | past · passive | the jealous mind of the emir |  |  | proofs of guilt |  |  | vn base-97.1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **hesitate** |  | Count |  |  |  |  |  | nom hesitation «cognition intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 5 | **mind** |  |  | the emir |  |  |  |  | nom mind «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 6 | **proof** |  |  | guilt |  |  |  |  | nom proof «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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