---
title: In this way, he may have heard the doleful end of Count Julian and h… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: In this way, he may have heard the doleful end of Count Julian and his family recounted in traditionary rhymes, that have been handed down from generation to generation. Who acts: Spain, doleful end. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and Hi
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Legend of Count Julian and His Family., sentence 7

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In this way, he may have heard the doleful end of Count Julian and his family recounted in traditionary rhymes, that have been handed down from generation to generation.

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**Who acts:** Spain, doleful end · **What happens:** hear, recount, hand down · **To what, where:** way, traditionary rhymes, generation · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His Family.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Spain, doleful end), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:39:7
# text = In this way, he may have heard the doleful end of Count Julian and his family recounted in traditionary rhymes, that have been handed down from generation to generation.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
6	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux	_	_
8	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	doleful	doleful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	Count	Count	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	Julian	Julian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
18	recounted	recount	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	traditionary	traditionary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	rhymes	rhyme	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
24	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
25	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	handed	hand	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	21	acl	_	_
27	down	down	ADP	RP	_	26	compound:prt	_	_
28	from	from	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	generation	generation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	generation	generation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | may · perfect | Spain |  |  | this way |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **recount** *speech: other* | past | the doleful end of Count Julian and Spain's family |  |  | traditionary rhymes |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **hand down** | present · perfect · passive |  | traditionary rhymes |  |  | from generation to generation |  | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: subject=Theme from generation=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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