---
title: Now so it happened, that the Countess Frandina was seated late at ni… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Now so it happened, that the Countess Frandina was seated late at night in her chamber in the city of Ceuta, which stands on a lofty rock, overlooking the sea. Who acts: it, city. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His Family., with its 
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Legend of Count Julian and His Family., sentence 73

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Now so it happened, that the Countess Frandina was seated late at night in her chamber in the city of Ceuta, which stands on a lofty rock, overlooking the sea.

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**Who acts:** it, city · **What happens:** happen, seat, stand, overlook · **To what, where:** Countess Frandina, chamber, lofty rock, sea

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His Family.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, city), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:39:73
# text = Now so it happened, that the Countess Frandina was seated late at night in her chamber in the city of Ceuta, which stands on a lofty rock, overlooking the sea.
1	Now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	so	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	happened	happen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	Countess	Countess	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	Frandina	Frandina	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	seated	seat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
12	late	late	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	11	advmod	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	chamber	chamber	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Ceuta	Ceuta	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
25	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
26	on	on	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	lofty	lofty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
31	overlooking	overlook	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	25	advcl	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | past | it |  |  |  | now |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **seat** | past · passive |  | the Countess Frandina |  | Frandina's chamber in the city of Ceuta | night | late *property* | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Value in chamber=Location |
| 3 | **stand** | present | the city of Ceuta |  |  | a lofty rock |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on rock=Location |
| 4 | **overlook** | gerund | the city of Ceuta *not said here* | the sea |  |  |  |  | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sea=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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