---
title: She was revolving, in gloomy thought, the late disasters of her fami… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: She was revolving, in gloomy thought, the late disasters of her family, when she heard a mournful noise, like that of the sea breeze, moaning about the castle walls. Who acts: Frandina. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His Family., wit
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Legend of Count Julian and His Family., sentence 74

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She was revolving, in gloomy thought, the late disasters of her family, when she heard a mournful noise, like that of the sea breeze, moaning about the castle walls.

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**Who acts:** Frandina · **What happens:** revolve, hear, moan · **To what, where:** gloomy thought, mournful noise

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His Family.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Frandina), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:39:74
# text = She was revolving, in gloomy thought, the late disasters of her family, when she heard a mournful noise, like that of the sea breeze, moaning about the castle walls.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	revolving	revolve	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	gloomy	gloomy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	thought	thought	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	disasters	disaster	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	18	advmod	_	_
17	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	mournful	mournful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	noise	noise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	like	like	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	18	obj	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	_
28	breeze	breeze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
30	moaning	moan	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
31	about	about	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
34	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	30	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **revolve** | past · progressive | Frandina |  |  | gloomy thought and the late disasters of Frandina's family |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in thought=Trajectory |
| 2 | **hear** | past | Frandina | a mournful noise |  |  |  | that of the sea breeze *obj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **moan** | gerund | Frandina *not said here* |  |  |  |  | about the castle walls | vn complain-37.8 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about wall=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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