---
title: Some of the Moors were crushed among the ruins; others were flung to… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: Some of the Moors were crushed among the ruins; others were flung to a distance, and dashed among the rocks: those who survived were instantly put to the sword. Who acts: rocks. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His Family., with its de
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Legend of Count Julian and His Family., sentence 96

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Some of the Moors were crushed among the ruins; others were flung to a distance, and dashed among the rocks: those who survived were instantly put to the sword.

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**Who acts:** rocks · **What happens:** crush, fling, dash, survive, put · **To what, where:** Moors, others, rocks

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His Family.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rocks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:39:96
# text = Some of the Moors were crushed among the ruins; others were flung to a distance, and dashed among the rocks: those who survived were instantly put to the sword.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	Moors	moor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	crushed	crush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	among	among	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	ruins	ruin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	flung	fling	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	distance	distance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	dashed	dash	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
20	among	among	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	24	punct	_	_
24	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	29	nsubj:pass	_	_
25	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	26	nsubj	_	_
26	survived	survive	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	acl:relcl	_	_
27	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux:pass	_	_
28	instantly	instantly	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
29	put	put	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	acl:relcl	_	_
30	to	to	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
31	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
32	sword	sword	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crush** | past · passive |  | some Moors |  |  |  | among the ruins | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **fling** | past · passive |  | others |  |  |  | to a distance | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme to distance=Destination |
| 3 | **dash** | past |  |  |  | the rocks |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among rock=Trajectory |
| 4 | **survive** | past |  |  |  |  |  | who *nsubj* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **put** | past · passive | the rocks *not said here* | the rocks |  |  |  | to the sword; instantly *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Goal |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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