---
title: The Alcayde gave orders to ring the alarm bells, light signal fires… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: The Alcayde gave orders to ring the alarm bells, light signal fires on the hill tops, and rouse the country; for the coast was subject to cruel maraudings from the Barbary cruisers. Who acts: Alcayde, coast. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Of the Loves of Roder
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Of the Loves of Roderick and the Princess Elyata., sentence 7

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The Alcayde gave orders to ring the alarm bells, light signal fires on the hill tops, and rouse the country; for the coast was subject to cruel maraudings from the Barbary cruisers.

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**Who acts:** Alcayde, coast · **What happens:** give, ring, rouse, be · **To what, where:** orders, alarm bells, country

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Of the Loves of Roderick and the Princess Elyata.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Alcayde, coast), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:4:7
# text = The Alcayde gave orders to ring the alarm bells, light signal fires on the hill tops, and rouse the country; for the coast was subject to cruel maraudings from the Barbary cruisers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Alcayde	Alcayde	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	orders	order	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	ring	ring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	alarm	alarm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	bells	bell	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	light	light	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	signal	signal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	fires	fire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	hill	hill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	tops	top	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	rouse	rouse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
27	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
28	subject	subject	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	maraudings	marauding	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obl	_	_
32	from	from	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	Barbary	Barbary	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	compound	_	_
35	cruisers	cruiser	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the Alcayde | orders |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **ring** | to-infinitive | the Alcayde *not said here* | the alarm bells and light signal fires on the hill tops |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bell=Theme |
| 3 | **rouse** | infinitive | the Alcayde *not said here* | the country |  |  |  |  | vn stimulate-59.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent country=Patient |
| 4 | **is** | past | the coast |  |  |  |  | to cruel maraudings from the Barbary cruisers; subject *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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