--- title: [12] Upon this, the king ordered that fires should be kindled to dis… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics description: [12] Upon this, the king ordered that fires should be kindled to dispel the darkness, and to correct the noxious and long imprisoned air: he then led the way into the interior; but, though stout of heart, he advanced with awe and hesitation. Who acts: king, stout. A sentence of «Legends of the conqu --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/8/34/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends of the conquest of Spain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/) / [Story of the Marvellous and Portentous…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/8/) / 34 # Legends of the conquest of Spain, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower., sentence 34 \[12\] Upon this, the king ordered that fires should be kindled to dispel the darkness, and to correct the noxious and long imprisoned air: he then led the way into the interior; but, though stout of heart, he advanced with awe and hesitation. **Who acts:** king, stout · **What happens:** order, kindle, dispel, correct, imprison, lead · **To what, where:** 12, fires, darkness, noxious imprisoned air, way, interior This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, stout), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg77685:8:34 # text = [12] Upon this, the king ordered that fires should be kindled to dispel the darkness, and to correct the noxious and long imprisoned air: he then led the way into the interior; but, though stout of heart, he advanced with awe and hesitation. 1 [ [ PUNCT -LRB- _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 12 12 NUM CD NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card 9 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 3 ] ] PUNCT -RRB- _ 2 punct _ _ 4 Upon upon ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 5 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 2 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 king king NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 9 ordered order VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 that that SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 11 fires fire NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 nsubj:pass _ _ 12 should should AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 13 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 14 aux:pass _ _ 14 kindled kindle VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 9 ccomp _ _ 15 to to PART TO _ 16 mark _ _ 16 dispel dispel VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 14 xcomp _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 darkness darkness NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 21 to to PART TO _ 22 mark _ _ 22 correct correct VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 conj _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 24 noxious noxious ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 conj _ _ 27 imprisoned imprison VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 28 amod _ _ 28 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 29 : : PUNCT : _ 32 punct _ _ 30 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 31 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 32 advmod _ _ 32 led lead VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 parataxis _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ _ 35 into into ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 interior interior NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 38 ; ; PUNCT : _ 47 punct _ _ 39 but but CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 41 though though SCONJ IN _ 42 mark _ _ 42 stout stout ADJ NN Degree=Pos 47 nsubj _ _ 43 of of ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 44 heart heart NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 45 , , PUNCT , _ 42 punct _ _ 46 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 47 nsubj _ _ 47 advanced advance VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 conj _ _ 48 with with ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 49 awe awe NOUN NN Number=Sing 47 obl _ _ 50 and and CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 51 hesitation hesitation NOUN NN Number=Sing 49 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 52 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **order** | past | the king | 12 upon this | | | | | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **kindle** | should · passive | | fires | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **dispel** | to-infinitive | | the darkness | | | | | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent darkness=Patient | | 4 | **correct** *speech: disagree* | to-infinitive | | the noxious imprisoned air | | | | | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent air=Patient | | 5 | **imprison** | participle | | | | | | | vn confine-92 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 6 | **lead** | past | King | the way | | the interior | then | | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent way=Theme into interior=Destination | | 7 | **advance** | past | stout of heart | | | | | with awe and hesitation; King *nsubj* | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/8/33/) - next →: [sentence 35](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/8/35/) - ↑ back to [Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/8/)