---
title: There was the clash of swords, and maces, and battle-axes, with the… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: There was the clash of swords, and maces, and battle-axes, with the whistling of arrows, and the hurling of darts and lances. Who acts: clash, swords, arrows. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower., with its dependency tre
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower., sentence 66

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There was the clash of swords, and maces, and battle-axes, with the whistling of arrows, and the hurling of darts and lances.

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**Who acts:** clash, swords, arrows · **What happens:** be, clash, whistle · **To what, where:** hurling

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (clash, swords, arrows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:8:66
# text = There was the clash of swords, and maces, and battle-axes, with the whistling of arrows, and the hurling of darts and lances.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	clash	clash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	swords	sword	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	maces	mace	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	axes	ax	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	whistling	whistling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	arrows	arrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	hurling	hurling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	darts	dart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	lances	lance	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | the clash of swords and maces | the hurling of darts and lances |  | there |  | battle axes *nsubj* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **clash** |  | swords and maces |  |  |  |  |  | nom clash «event intransitive»: of=agent |
| 3 | **whistle** |  | arrows |  |  |  |  |  | nom whistling «event intransitive»: of=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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