--- title: As he crossed the bridge of the Tagus, he looked back with a dark br… — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics description: As he crossed the bridge of the Tagus, he looked back with a dark brow upon Toledo, and raised his mailed hand and shook it at the royal palace of King Roderick, which crested the rocky height. Who acts: populace, King Roderick. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/9/42/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Legends of the conquest of Spain](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/) / [Chapter VIII.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/9/) / 42 # Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter VIII., sentence 42 As he crossed the bridge of the Tagus, he looked back with a dark brow upon Toledo, and raised his mailed hand and shook it at the royal palace of King Roderick, which crested the rocky height. **Who acts:** populace, King Roderick · **What happens:** cross, look back, raise, mail, shake, crest · **To what, where:** bridge, mailed hand, royal palace, rocky height This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter VIII.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (populace, King Roderick), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg77685:9:42 # text = As he crossed the bridge of the Tagus, he looked back with a dark brow upon Toledo, and raised his mailed hand and shook it at the royal palace of King Roderick, which crested the rocky height. 1 As as SCONJ IN _ 3 mark _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 crossed cross VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 advcl _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 5 bridge bridge NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obj _ _ 6 of of ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 Tagus Tagus PROPN NNP Number=Sing 5 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ _ 10 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nsubj _ _ 11 looked look VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 12 back back ADV RB _ 11 advmod _ _ 13 with with ADP IN _ 16 case _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 15 dark dark ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 16 amod _ _ 16 brow brow NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 17 upon upon ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 Toledo Toledo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 16 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 21 cc _ _ 21 raised raise VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 parataxis _ _ 22 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ _ 23 mailed mail VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 24 amod _ _ 24 hand hand NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 obj _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 26 cc _ _ 26 shook shake VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 21 conj _ _ 27 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ _ 28 at at ADP IN _ 31 case _ _ 29 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 31 det _ _ 30 royal royal ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 amod _ _ 31 palace palace NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ _ 32 of of ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 King King PROPN NNP Number=Sing 34 compound _ _ 34 Roderick Roderick PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 36 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 37 nsubj _ _ 37 crested crest VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 34 acl:relcl _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 39 rocky rocky ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 height height NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 41 . . PUNCT . _ 11 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cross** | past | populace | the bridge of the Tagus | | | | | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bridge=Patient | | 2 | **look back** | past | populace | | | | | with a dark brow upon Toledo | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | | 3 | **raise** | past | | populace's mailed hand | | | | | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Theme | | 4 | **mail** | participle | | | | | | | vn send-11.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **shake** | past | | bridge | | the royal palace of King Roderick | | | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent it=Theme at palace=Trajectory | | 6 | **crest** | past | King Roderick | the rocky height | | | | | vn meander-47.7 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location height=Theme | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/9/41/) - next →: [sentence 43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/9/43/) - ↑ back to [Chapter VIII.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/9/)