---
title: “A father’s curse,” said he, “be upon thee and thine! — Legends of the conquest of Spain · tree and pragmatics
description: “A father’s curse,” said he, “be upon thee and thine! Who acts: curse, father. A sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter VIII., with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter VIII., sentence 43

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“A father’s curse,” said he, “be upon thee and thine!

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**Who acts:** curse, father · **What happens:** say, be, curse · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter VIII.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (curse, father), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77685:9:43
# text = “A father’s curse,” said he, “be upon thee and thine!
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	’s	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	curse	curse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
13	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	thee	thou	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	ccomp	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	thine	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	14	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: express* | past | a father's curse |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | upon thee; thine *acl:relcl* | tree rules |
| 3 | **curse** *in a quote* |  | a father |  |  |  |  |  | nom curse «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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- ↑ back to [Chapter VIII.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/9/)