---
title: In their version, the Horned Toad, after being swallowed, kills the… — The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo I… · tree and pragmatics
description: In their version, the Horned Toad, after being swallowed, kills the Coyote by lifting its spines. Who acts: Horned Toad. A sentence of «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, The Coyote and the Thunder-knife, with its dependency tree and the p
---

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# The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories, The Coyote and the Thunder-knife, sentence 44

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In their version, the Horned Toad, after being swallowed, kills the Coyote by lifting its spines.

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**Who acts:** Horned Toad · **What happens:** swallow, kill, lift · **To what, where:** Horned Toad, Coyote, version, spines

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This is a sentence of «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, The Coyote and the Thunder-knife. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Horned Toad), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77804:14:45
# text = In their version, the Horned Toad, after being swallowed, kills the Coyote by lifting its spines.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	version	version	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	Horned	horned	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	Toad	Toad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	swallowed	swallow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	kills	kill	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	Coyote	coyote	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
17	lifting	lift	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
18	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	spines	spine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swallow** | gerund · passive |  | the Horned Toad *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V» |
| 2 | **kill** | present | the Horned Toad | the Coyote |  | Pueblos's version |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent coyote=Theme |
| 3 | **lift** | gerund | the Horned Toad *not said here* | Toad's spines |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spine=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, Project Gutenberg book 77804 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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