---
title: What an Indian wishes to perpetuate must be saved by tongue and ear,… — The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo I… · tree and pragmatics
description: What an Indian wishes to perpetuate must be saved by tongue and ear, by “telling-down,” as were the world’s first histories and poems. Who acts: tongue. A sentence of «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, The Brown Story-tellers, with its de
---

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# The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories, The Brown Story-tellers, sentence 58

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What an Indian wishes to perpetuate must be saved by tongue and ear, by “telling-down,” as were the world’s first histories and poems.

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**Who acts:** tongue · **What happens:** perpetuate, save, be

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This is a sentence of «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, The Brown Story-tellers. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tongue), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg77804:2:58
# text = What an Indian wishes to perpetuate must be saved by tongue and ear, by “telling-down,” as were the world’s first histories and poems.
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	9	obl	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Indian	Indian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	wishes	wish	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nsubj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	perpetuate	perpetuate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl	_	_
7	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	saved	save	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	by	by	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	telling	telling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	down	down	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	_
22	as	as	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
23	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	’s	's	PART	POS	_	25	case	_	_
27	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	28	amod	_	_
28	histories	history	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	poems	poem	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **perpetuate** | to-infinitive | tongue and ear *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **save** | must · passive | tongue and ear |  |  |  |  | What  a Indian wishes *obl*; telling down *parataxis* | tree rules |
| 3 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | as the world's first histories and poems; the world *nmod:poss*; poems *conj* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, Project Gutenberg book 77804 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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