---
title: While the populace was manifesting its delight in talk and other har… — Winning Buddha's smile · tree and pragmatics
description: While the populace was manifesting its delight in talk and other harmless ways, the King was busy with his preparations for the overthrowing of the usurper. Who acts: populace, King. A sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 8, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics o
---

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# Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 8, sentence 70

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While the populace was manifesting its delight in talk and other harmless ways, the King was busy with his preparations for the overthrowing of the usurper.

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**Who acts:** populace, King · **What happens:** manifest, be, delight, prepare · **To what, where:** delight, talk

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This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (populace, King), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78208:10:70
# text = While the populace was manifesting its delight in talk and other harmless ways, the King was busy with his preparations for the overthrowing of the usurper.
1	While	while	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	populace	populace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	manifesting	manifest	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	delight	delight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	harmless	harmless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	ways	way	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
17	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
18	busy	busy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	preparations	preparation	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	_
22	for	for	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	overthrowing	overthrowing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	_
25	of	of	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	usurper	usurper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	18	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **manifest** | past · progressive | the populace | populace's delight |  | talk and other harmless ways |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent delight=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | the King |  |  |  |  | with King's preparations for the overthrowing of the usurper; busy *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **delight** |  | populace |  |  |  |  |  | nom delight «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 4 | **prepare** |  | King |  |  |  |  | for the overthrowing of the usurper | nom preparation «act transitive»: poss=agent for=obl |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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