---
title: After a brief struggle, Su-Rung was reduced to helplessness and secu… — Winning Buddha's smile · tree and pragmatics
description: After a brief struggle, Su-Rung was reduced to helplessness and securely bound. A sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 10, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 10, sentence 19

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After a brief struggle, Su-Rung was reduced to helplessness and securely bound.

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**What happens:** reduce, bind · **To what, where:** Su, helplessness

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This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78208:12:19
# text = After a brief struggle, Su-Rung was reduced to helplessness and securely bound.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	brief	brief	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	struggle	struggle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	Su	Su	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Rung	Rung	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
9	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	reduced	reduce	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	helplessness	helplessness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	securely	securely	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	bound	bind	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reduce** | past · passive |  | Su and Rung |  |  | after a brief struggle | to helplessness *goal* | vn limit-76 «NP V NP S\_ING»: subject=Patient to helplessness=Goal |
| 2 | **bind** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | securely *property* | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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