---
title: The lady made a disparaging remark which Sun-Yen overheard and to wh… — Winning Buddha's smile · tree and pragmatics
description: The lady made a disparaging remark which Sun-Yen overheard and to which he replied: Who acts: lady, Sun, gentleman. A sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 10, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 10, sentence 97

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The lady made a disparaging remark which Sun-Yen overheard and to which he replied:

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**Who acts:** lady, Sun, gentleman · **What happens:** make, disparage, overhear, reply · **To what, where:** disparaging remark

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This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lady, Sun, gentleman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78208:12:99
# text = The lady made a disparaging remark which Sun-Yen overheard and to which he replied:
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lady	lady	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	disparaging	disparage	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
6	remark	remark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obj	_	_
8	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Yen	Yen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	overheard	overhear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	obl	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	replied	reply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | the lady | a disparaging remark |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent remark=Product |
| 2 | **disparage** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **overhear** | past | Sun and Yen | a disparaging remark |  |  |  |  | vn sight-30.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer which=Stimulus |
| 4 | **reply** *speech: assert* | past | gentleman |  |  |  |  | which *obl* | vn respond-113 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to which=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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