---
title: In the far away days of the olden time when the earth was still in i… — Winning Buddha's smile · tree and pragmatics
description: In the far away days of the olden time when the earth was still in its childhood and when the city of Hpyeng-Yang was the capital of Korea, there was numbered among its inhabitants a high dignitary of the Court, Sun-Yen by name, who owed his exalted position solely to his intelligence and capability
---

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# Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 1, sentence 2

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In the far away days of the olden time when the earth was still in its childhood and when the city of Hpyeng-Yang was the capital of Korea, there was numbered among its inhabitants a high dignitary of the Court, Sun-Yen by name, who owed his exalted position solely to his intelligence and capability.

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**Who acts:** earth, city, name · **What happens:** be, number, owe, exalt · **To what, where:** childhood, capital, exalted position

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This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (earth, city, name), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78208:3:2
# text = In the far away days of the olden time when the earth was still in its childhood and when the city of Hpyeng-Yang was the capital of Korea, there was numbered among its inhabitants a high dignitary of the Court, Sun-Yen by name, who owed his exalted position solely to his intelligence and capability.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
4	away	away	ADV	RB	_	5	amod	_	_
5	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	olden	olden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
10	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	17	advmod	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
14	still	still	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
17	childhood	childhood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
19	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	28	advmod	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nsubj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	Hpyeng	Hpyeng	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	25	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	Yang	Yang	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	conj	_	_
26	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	cop	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	conj	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	Korea	Korea	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
32	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	34	expl	_	_
33	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux:pass	_	_
34	numbered	number	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
35	among	among	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	inhabitants	inhabitant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	_
38	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
39	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	dignitary	dignitary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	_
41	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
43	Court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
45	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	40	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	47	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	Yen	Yen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	45	conj	_	_
48	by	by	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
49	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	52	punct	_	_
51	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	52	nsubj	_	_
52	owed	owe	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	49	acl:relcl	_	_
53	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	55	nmod:poss	_	_
54	exalted	exalt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	55	amod	_	_
55	position	position	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obj	_	_
56	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	59	advmod	_	_
57	to	to	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
58	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	59	nmod:poss	_	_
59	intelligence	intelligence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	advcl	_	_
60	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	61	cc	_	_
61	capability	capability	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	34	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the earth |  |  | earth's childhood and the capital | still |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the city of Hpyeng and Yang | the capital |  |  |  | of Korea | tree rules |
| 3 | **number** | past · passive | name |  |  | there | day | among earth's inhabitants  a high dignitary of the Court  Sun and Yen | vn classify-29.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **owe** | past | name | Yen's exalted position |  |  |  | Yen's intelligence and capability *advcl* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent position=Theme |
| 5 | **exalt** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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