---
title: He resolved to write a letter to San-Houni full of bitter criticisms… — Winning Buddha's smile · tree and pragmatics
description: He resolved to write a letter to San-Houni full of bitter criticisms and threats against the King. Who acts: Minister. A sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 1, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 1, sentence 83

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He resolved to write a letter to San-Houni full of bitter criticisms and threats against the King.

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**Who acts:** Minister · **What happens:** resolve, write · **To what, where:** letter, San

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This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Minister), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78208:3:83
# text = He resolved to write a letter to San-Houni full of bitter criticisms and threats against the King.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	resolved	resolve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	write	write	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	letter	letter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	San	San	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Houni	Houni	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	flat	_	_
11	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	criticisms	criticism	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	threats	threat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	conj	_	_
17	against	against	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **resolve** | past | Minister |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **write** | to-infinitive | Minister *not said here* | a letter | San |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent letter=Topic to san=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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