---
title: These victims were thrown into the sea and the perils of the voyage… — Winning Buddha's smile · tree and pragmatics
description: These victims were thrown into the sea and the perils of the voyage were thought to be in this way forestalled. A sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 2, sentence 153

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These victims were thrown into the sea and the perils of the voyage were thought to be in this way forestalled.

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**What happens:** throw, think, be, forestall, peril · **To what, where:** victims, sea, perils, way, voyage · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78208:4:154
# text = These victims were thrown into the sea and the perils of the voyage were thought to be in this way forestalled.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	victims	victim	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	thrown	throw	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	perils	peril	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	voyage	voyage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	thought	think	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
17	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	cop	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
20	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	ccomp	_	_
21	forestalled	forestall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | past · passive |  | this victims |  |  |  | into the sea *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: subject=Theme into sea=Result |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* | past · passive |  | the perils of the voyage |  |  |  |  | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | this way |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **forestall** | participle |  | this way *not said here* |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **peril** |  |  | the voyage |  |  |  |  | nom peril «state transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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