---
title: When the disciple had come, Cheng-Si took him to the merchant’s plac… — Winning Buddha's smile · tree and pragmatics
description: When the disciple had come, Cheng-Si took him to the merchant’s place of business and turned over to him the three hundred bags of rice. Who acts: disciple, Cheng. A sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 2, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 2, sentence 179

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When the disciple had come, Cheng-Si took him to the merchant’s place of business and turned over to him the three hundred bags of rice.

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**Who acts:** disciple, Cheng · **What happens:** come, take, turn over · **To what, where:** disciple, place, hundred bags

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This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (disciple, Cheng), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78208:4:180
# text = When the disciple had come, Cheng-Si took him to the merchant’s place of business and turned over to him the three hundred bags of rice.
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	disciple	disciple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	Cheng	Cheng	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Si	Si	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	flat	_	_
10	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
11	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	merchant	merchant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	’s	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	business	business	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
21	over	over	ADP	RP	_	20	compound:prt	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
25	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	26	compound	_	_
26	hundred	hundred	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	27	nummod	_	_
27	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	rice	rice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past · perfect | the disciple |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **take** | past | Cheng | disciple |  | the merchant's place of business |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme to place=Destination |
| 3 | **turn over** | past | Cheng *not said here* | the hundred bags of rice | disciple |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent bag=Theme to he=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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