---
title: He was obliged to leave the Korean Capital, a circumstance which he… — Winning Buddha's smile · tree and pragmatics
description: He was obliged to leave the Korean Capital, a circumstance which he regretted exceedingly just at this time because his wife, Yeng-Si, who was soon to become a mother, would not have the comforts and advantages of the city. Who acts: circumstance, wife. A sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winnin
---

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# Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 3, sentence 51

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He was obliged to leave the Korean Capital, a circumstance which he regretted exceedingly just at this time because his wife, Yeng-Si, who was soon to become a mother, would not have the comforts and advantages of the city.

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**Who acts:** circumstance, wife · **What happens:** oblige, leave, regret, be, not have · **To what, where:** San, Korean Capital, mother, comforts

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This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (circumstance, wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78208:5:53
# text = He was obliged to leave the Korean Capital, a circumstance which he regretted exceedingly just at this time because his wife, Yeng-Si, who was soon to become a mother, would not have the comforts and advantages of the city.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	obliged	oblige	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	Korean	korean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	Capital	Capital	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	circumstance	circumstance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
12	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	regretted	regret	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
15	exceedingly	exceedingly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
16	just	just	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
17	at	at	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	19	det	_	_
19	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
20	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	Yeng	Yeng	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	Si	Si	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
28	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	32	nsubj	_	_
29	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	cop	_	_
30	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	32	advmod	_	_
31	to	to	PART	TO	_	32	mark	_	_
32	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
33	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
34	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
36	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	38	aux	_	_
37	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	38	advmod	_	_
38	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
39	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
40	comforts	comfort	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	38	obj	_	_
41	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
42	advantages	advantage	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	conj	_	_
43	of	of	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	45	det	_	_
45	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oblige** | past · passive |  | San |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result |
| 2 | **leave** | to-infinitive |  | the Korean Capital |  |  | time |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent capital=Theme |
| 3 | **regret** | past | a circumstance |  |  |  |  | San *nsubj*; exceedingly *property* | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **is** | past | San's wife | a mother |  |  |  | who *nsubj*; become, soon *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **not** **have** | would |  | the comforts and advantages of the city |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent comfort=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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