---
title: His first action, therefore, on arriving at the village inn, was to… — Winning Buddha's smile · tree and pragmatics
description: His first action, therefore, on arriving at the village inn, was to inquire: Who acts: first action, beautiful unknown. A sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 4, sentence 123

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His first action, therefore, on arriving at the village inn, was to inquire:

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**Who acts:** first action, beautiful unknown · **What happens:** arrive, be, act · **To what, where:** village inn

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This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first action, beautiful unknown), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78208:6:125
# text = His first action, therefore, on arriving at the village inn, was to inquire:
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	therefore	therefore	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
7	on	on	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	arriving	arrive	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	16	advcl	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	village	village	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	inn	inn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
14	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	inquire	inquire	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arrive** | gerund | beautiful unknown's first action *not said here* |  |  | the village inn |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | beautiful unknown's first action |  |  |  |  | inquire, therefore *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **act** |  | beautiful unknown *= unknown* |  |  |  |  |  | nom action «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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