---
title: I have planted a tree to serve as a refuge for the swallow, but the… — Winning Buddha's smile · tree and pragmatics
description: I have planted a tree to serve as a refuge for the swallow, but the bird remains mute to my call while displeasing birds come a-flocking. Who acts: I, bird, displeasing birds, my. A sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 4, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of e
---

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# Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 4, sentence 154

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I have planted a tree to serve as a refuge for the swallow, but the bird remains mute to my call while displeasing birds come a-flocking.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** I, bird, displeasing birds, my · **What happens:** plant, serve, remain, displease, come, call · **To what, where:** tree, flocking · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, bird, displeasing birds, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78208:6:156
# text = I have planted a tree to serve as a refuge for the swallow, but the bird remains mute to my call while displeasing birds come a-flocking.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	planted	plant	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	serve	serve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	refuge	refuge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	swallow	swallow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	remains	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
19	mute	mute	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	call	call	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
23	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	26	mark	_	_
24	displeasing	displease	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	25	amod	_	_
25	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
26	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	flocking	flocking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **plant** | present · perfect | I | a tree |  |  |  |  | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient |
| 2 | **serve** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | as a refuge for the swallow | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as refuge=Attribute |
| 3 | **remain** | present | the bird |  |  |  |  | to my call; mute *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **displease** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 5 | **come** | present | displeasing birds | a flocking |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location flocking=Theme |
| 6 | **call** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom call «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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