---
title: It was Ja-Jo-Mi, the Prime Minister, who had been the chief cause of… — Winning Buddha's smile · tree and pragmatics
description: It was Ja-Jo-Mi, the Prime Minister, who had been the chief cause of all the evils which had come to Sun-Yen and San-Houni. Who acts: V, Ja, chief cause. A sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 5, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 5, sentence 177

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It was Ja-Jo-Mi, the Prime Minister, who had been the chief cause of all the evils which had come to Sun-Yen and San-Houni.

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**Who acts:** V, Ja, chief cause · **What happens:** be, come · **To what, where:** Ja, chief cause, Sun Yen

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This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (V, Ja, chief cause), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78208:7:179
# text = It was Ja-Jo-Mi, the Prime Minister, who had been the chief cause of all the evils which had come to Sun-Yen and San-Houni.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	Ja	Ja	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Jo	Jo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	Mi	Mi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	Prime	Prime	PROPN	NNP	_	11	compound	_	_
11	Minister	Minister	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
14	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
15	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	18	cop	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	chief	chief	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	22	det:predet	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	evils	evil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nmod	_	_
23	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
24	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
25	come	come	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	18	parataxis	_	_
26	to	to	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	Sun	Sun	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	Yen	Yen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	San	San	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	Houni	Houni	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	31	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | V | Ja and Mi and the Prime Minister |  |  |  | Mi *conj*; the Prime Minister *conj* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | past · perfect | Ja and Mi and the Prime Minister | the chief cause |  |  |  | of all evils | tree rules |
| 3 | **come** | past · perfect | the chief cause |  |  | Sun Yen and San |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to yen=Initial\_Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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