---
title: Cuchullain again held them at bay till the return of the Ulster army… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics
description: Cuchullain again held them at bay till the return of the Ulster army: but it returned only in time to avenge his death, still in the prime of youth, and to complete his work. Who acts: Cuchullain, force, Ulster army. A sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age»
---

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# The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 1, sentence 79

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Cuchullain again held them at bay till the return of the Ulster army: but it returned only in time to avenge his death, still in the prime of youth, and to complete his work.

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**Who acts:** Cuchullain, force, Ulster army · **What happens:** hold, return, avenge, complete, die, work · **To what, where:** kingdoms, bay, death, prime, work

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This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cuchullain, force, Ulster army), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78491:1:83
# text = Cuchullain again held them at bay till the return of the Ulster army: but it returned only in time to avenge his death, still in the prime of youth, and to complete his work.
1	Cuchullain	Cuchullain	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	again	again	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	held	hold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bay	bay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	till	till	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	return	return	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Ulster	Ulster	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	army	army	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
15	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	returned	return	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	only	only	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	avenge	avenge	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	acl	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
26	still	still	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	_
27	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	prime	prime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
30	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	youth	youth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
34	to	to	PART	TO	_	35	mark	_	_
35	complete	complete	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	advcl	_	_
36	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	37	nmod:poss	_	_
37	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | past | Cuchullain | kingdoms *= kingdom* |  | bay | till the return of the Ulster army; again |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Theme at bay=Location |
| 2 | **return** | past | force |  |  |  | time |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **avenge** | to-infinitive | force *not said here* | Cuchullain's death |  | the prime of youth |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **complete** | to-infinitive | force *not said here* | Cuchullain's work |  |  |  |  | vn complete-55.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Eventuality |
| 5 | **return** |  | the Ulster army |  |  |  |  |  | nom return «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
| 6 | **die** |  | Cuchullain |  |  |  |  |  | nom death «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 7 | **work** |  | Cuchullain |  |  |  |  |  | nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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