---
title: He spake, and drave Northward; nor ceased from chatterings all day l… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics
description: He spake, and drave Northward; nor ceased from chatterings all day long, Since, like a Poplar, vocal was the man Not less than visible. Who acts: many, spake. A sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 11, with its dependency 
---

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# The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 11, sentence 113

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He spake, and drave Northward; nor ceased from chatterings all day long, Since, like a Poplar, vocal was the man Not less than visible.

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**Who acts:** many, spake · **What happens:** speak, drave, cease, be · **To what, where:** chatterings, man · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many, spake), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78491:11:115
# text = He spake, and drave Northward; nor ceased from chatterings all day long, Since, like a Poplar, vocal was the man Not less than visible.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spake	speak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	drave	drave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	Northward	northward	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	9	cc	_	_
9	ceased	cease	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	chatterings	chattering	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
12	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	det	_	_
13	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl:unmarked	_	_
14	long	long	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	Since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	like	like	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	Poplar	poplar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	vocal	vocal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
23	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	cop	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
26	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	27	advmod	_	_
27	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	25	nmod	_	_
28	than	than	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	visible	visible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	25	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* |  | many |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **drave** | infinitive | spake *not said here* |  |  |  |  | northward *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **cease** | participle |  |  |  | chatterings |  | a Poplar *parataxis*; long *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 4 | **is a** | past | spake | the man |  |  |  | less *nmod* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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