---
title: Sudden from heaven Eclipse there fell on Ai’s spacious plains, And s… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics
description: Sudden from heaven Eclipse there fell on Ai’s spacious plains, And shadow black; these noting, Meave revolved That dread Red Branch in act and counsel one; And, brooding thus, with inner eye she saw No longer men but skeletons of men Innumerable in intertangled mass Burthening the fields far spread.
---

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# The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 11, sentence 71

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sudden from heaven Eclipse there fell on Ai’s spacious plains, And shadow black; these noting, Meave revolved That dread Red Branch in act and counsel one; And, brooding thus, with inner eye she saw No longer men but skeletons of men Innumerable in intertangled mass Burthening the fields far spread.

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**Who acts:** Sudden heaven Eclipse, these, Meave, That, Eclipse, intertangled mass · **What happens:** fall, note, revolve, dread, counsel, brood · **To what, where:** spacious plains, Red Branch, act, one, men, inner eye

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This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Sudden heaven Eclipse, these, Meave, That), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78491:11:73
# text = Sudden from heaven Eclipse there fell on Ai’s spacious plains, And shadow black; these noting, Meave revolved That dread Red Branch in act and counsel one; And, brooding thus, with inner eye she saw No longer men but skeletons of men Innumerable in intertangled mass Burthening the fields far spread.
1	Sudden	sudden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
2	from	from	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	heaven	heaven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Eclipse	eclipse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	6	advmod	_	_
6	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	Ai	ai	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	’s	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	spacious	spacious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	plains	plain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	shadow	shadow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl:unmarked	_	_
15	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	18	punct	_	_
17	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	18	nsubj	_	_
18	noting	note	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	Meave	Meave	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	21	nsubj	_	_
21	revolved	revolve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
22	That	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	23	nsubj	_	_
23	dread	dread	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	ccomp	_	_
24	Red	Red	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	25	flat	_	_
25	Branch	Branch	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
29	counsel	counsel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	23	conj	_	_
30	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	29	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
32	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
34	brooding	brood	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
35	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
37	with	with	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	inner	inner	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	_
40	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	41	nsubj	_	_
41	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	39	acl:relcl	_	_
42	No	no	ADV	RB	_	43	advmod	_	_
43	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	44	advmod	_	_
44	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	obl	_	_
45	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
46	skeletons	skeleton	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	44	conj	_	_
47	of	of	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	nmod	_	_
49	Innumerable	Innumerable	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	48	appos	_	_
50	in	in	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	intertangled	intertangl	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	52	amod	_	_
52	mass	mass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	nmod	_	_
53	Burthening	burthen	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	52	acl	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	fields	field	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	57	nsubj	_	_
56	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	57	advmod	_	_
57	spread	spread	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	53	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fall** | past | Sudden heaven Eclipse |  |  | Ai's spacious plains; there |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on plain=Location |
| 2 | **note** | gerund | these |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **revolve** | past | Meave |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **dread** | present | That | Red Branch |  | act |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer branch=Stimulus |
| 5 | **counsel** *speech: other* | infinitive | That *not said here* | one |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent one=Recipient |
| 6 | **brood** | gerund | Sudden heaven Eclipse *not said here* | men but skeletons of men |  |  |  | with inner eye; thus *property* | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **see** | past | Eclipse | inner eye *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer eye=Stimulus |
| 8 | **intertangl** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 9 | **burthen** | gerund | intertangled mass *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 10 | **spread** | present | the fields |  |  |  |  | far *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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