---
title: A cloud of raven black, Its veil for half that night, had drifted by… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics
description: A cloud of raven black, Its veil for half that night, had drifted by, And o’er that distant gleam, her mother’s camp, Slowly the moon descended. Who acts: o’er. A sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 14, with its dependenc
---

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# The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 14, sentence 134

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A cloud of raven black, Its veil for half that night, had drifted by, And o’er that distant gleam, her mother’s camp, Slowly the moon descended.

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**Who acts:** o’er · **What happens:** drift by, descend, cloud · **To what, where:** cloud, raven

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This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (o’er), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78491:14:136
# text = A cloud of raven black, Its veil for half that night, had drifted by, And o’er that distant gleam, her mother’s camp, Slowly the moon descended.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	raven	raven	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	veil	veil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	half	half	DET	PDT	NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac|PronType=Ind	12	det:predet	_	_
11	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	det	_	_
12	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
14	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	drifted	drift	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	o’er	o'er	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	32	nsubj	_	_
21	distant	distant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	gleam	gleam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj:outer	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
25	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	’s	's	PART	POS	_	25	case	_	_
27	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	Slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	32	advmod	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	moon	moon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj	_	_
32	descended	descend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	15	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drift by** | past · perfect · passive |  | a cloud of raven and cloud's veil for half night |  |  |  | o’er *obl* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Agent |
| 2 | **descend** | past | o’er |  |  |  |  | distant gleam *nsubj:outer*; the moon *nsubj*; slowly *property* | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **cloud** |  |  | raven |  |  |  |  | nom cloud «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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