---
title: A gradual sound was heard, Yet what and whence they knew not. — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics
description: A gradual sound was heard, Yet what and whence they knew not. Who acts: toils. A sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 15, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 15, sentence 134

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A gradual sound was heard, Yet what and whence they knew not.

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**Who acts:** toils · **What happens:** hear, not know · **To what, where:** gradual sound

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This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (toils), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78491:15:136
# text = A gradual sound was heard, Yet what and whence they knew not.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	gradual	gradual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	heard	hear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	Yet	yet	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	whence	whence	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	12	advmod	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | past · passive |  | a gradual sound |  |  |  | what *obl* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |
| 2 | **not** **know** | past | toils *= toil* |  |  |  |  | whence *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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