---
title: _ The Ogham characters are a species of alphabet, or as some call th… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics
description: _ The Ogham characters are a species of alphabet, or as some call them cypher, cut upon stones, or wooden staves. Who acts: Ogham characters, some. A sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 16, with its dependency tree and th
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/16/46/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The foray of Queen Meave, and other le…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/) / [Opening, part 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/16/) / 46

# The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 16, sentence 46

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
\_ The Ogham characters are a species of alphabet, or as some call them cypher, cut upon stones, or wooden staves.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Ogham characters, some · **What happens:** be, call, cut · **To what, where:** species, characters, wooden staves · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ogham characters, some), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78491:16:47
# text = _ The Ogham characters are a species of alphabet, or as some call them cypher, cut upon stones, or wooden staves.
1	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	7	punct	_	_
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	Ogham	Ogham	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	characters	character	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	species	species	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	alphabet	alphabet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
12	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
13	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	14	nsubj	_	_
14	call	call	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	advcl	_	_
15	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obj	_	_
16	cypher	cypher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
18	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
19	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	wooden	wooden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	staves	stave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the Ogham characters | a species |  |  |  | of alphabet | tree rules |
| 2 | **call** | present | some | characters *= character* |  |  |  | cypher *xcomp* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient |
| 3 | **cut** | participle | the Ogham characters *not said here* | wooden staves |  |  |  | upon stones | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [sentence 45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/16/45/)
- next →: [sentence 47](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/16/47/)
- ↑ back to [Opening, part 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/16/)