---
title: _ The ‘Lia Fail,’ or ‘Stone of Destiny,’ was the stone on which the… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics
description: _ The ‘Lia Fail,’ or ‘Stone of Destiny,’ was the stone on which the Irish ‘Chief Kings,’ or Ard-Righs, were crowned at Tara. Who acts: Lia Fail. A sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 16, with its dependency tree and the p
---

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# The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 16, sentence 71

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\_ The ‘Lia Fail,’ or ‘Stone of Destiny,’ was the stone on which the Irish ‘Chief Kings,’ or Ard-Righs, were crowned at Tara.

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**Who acts:** Lia Fail · **What happens:** be, crown · **To what, where:** stone, Irish Chief Kings

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This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lia Fail), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78491:16:72
# text = _ The ‘Lia Fail,’ or ‘Stone of Destiny,’ was the stone on which the Irish ‘Chief Kings,’ or Ard-Righs, were crowned at Tara.
1	_	_	PUNCT	NFP	_	5	punct	_	_
2	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	Lia	Lia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Fail	Fail	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	Stone	Stone	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	Destiny	Destiny	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
15	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	33	obl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
21	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
22	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	Chief	Chief	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	Kings	King	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	33	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	24	punct	_	_
27	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	Ard	Ard	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	Righs	Righs	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
32	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux:pass	_	_
33	crowned	crown	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl:relcl	_	_
34	at	at	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
35	Tara	Tara	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the Lia Fail or Stone of Destiny | the stone |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **crown** | past · passive |  | the Irish Chief Kings or Ard and Righs |  | the stone |  | at Tara | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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