---
title: The ‘Legends of St. Patrick’ deal with Ireland’s ‘saintly time,’ and… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics
description: The ‘Legends of St. Patrick’ deal with Ireland’s ‘saintly time,’ and ‘Inisfail’ with those six centuries between the Norman invasion and the repeal of the penal laws in the latter half of the eighteenth century--a period calamitously misrepresented by partisan historians; one in which the wild passi
---

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# The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 2, sentence 42

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ‘Legends of St. Patrick’ deal with Ireland’s ‘saintly time,’ and ‘Inisfail’ with those six centuries between the Norman invasion and the repeal of the penal laws in the latter half of the eighteenth century--a period calamitously misrepresented by partisan historians; one in which the wild passions and wilder political theories which, since the first French Revolution, have in so many countries directed high aspirations to mean or fatal ends, had no existence; a period of which ‘all the struggles were characterised by the spirit of liberty, nor less by that of loyalty, whether directed to Gaelic princes, to Norman chiefs who had become Irish, to Charles, or James.’

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**Who acts:** political theories, spirit, Norman chiefs, Patrick · **What happens:** misrepresent, passion, wilder, have in, direct, mean · **To what, where:** period, political theories, high aspirations, existence, struggles, Legends

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This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (political theories, spirit, Norman chiefs, Patrick), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78491:2:42
# text = The ‘Legends of St. Patrick’ deal with Ireland’s ‘saintly time,’ and ‘Inisfail’ with those six centuries between the Norman invasion and the repeal of the penal laws in the latter half of the eighteenth century--a period calamitously misrepresented by partisan historians; one in which the wild passions and wilder political theories which, since the first French Revolution, have in so many countries directed high aspirations to mean or fatal ends, had no existence; a period of which ‘all the struggles were characterised by the spirit of liberty, nor less by that of loyalty, whether directed to Gaelic princes, to Norman chiefs who had become Irish, to Charles, or James.’
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	Legends	legend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	St.	St.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod:desc	_	_
6	Patrick	Patrick	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	’	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	deal	deal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
10	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	’s	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	saintly	saintly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	Inisfail	Inisfail	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	24	det	_	_
23	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	24	nummod	_	_
24	centuries	century	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nmod	_	_
25	between	between	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	Norman	norman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	invasion	invasion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	repeal	repeal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
32	of	of	ADP	IN	_	35	case	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	penal	penal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	laws	law	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nmod	_	_
36	in	in	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
38	latter	latter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	39	amod	_	_
39	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	35	nmod	_	_
40	of	of	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
42	eighteenth	eighteenth	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
43	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
47	calamitously	calamitously	ADV	RB	_	48	advmod	_	_
48	misrepresented	misrepresent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	46	acl	_	_
49	by	by	ADP	IN	_	51	case	_	_
50	partisan	partisan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	compound	_	_
51	historians	historian	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	48	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	53	punct	_	_
53	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	appos	_	_
54	in	in	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
55	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	58	nsubj	_	_
56	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	58	det	_	_
57	wild	wild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	58	amod	_	_
58	passions	passion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	53	acl:relcl	_	_
59	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	60	cc	_	_
60	wilder	wilder	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	53	conj	_	_
61	political	political	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	62	amod	_	_
62	theories	theory	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	76	nsubj	_	_
63	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	71	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
64	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	63	punct	_	_
65	since	since	ADP	IN	_	69	case	_	_
66	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	69	det	_	_
67	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	69	amod	_	_
68	French	French	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	69	compound	_	_
69	Revolution	Revolution	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	71	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
70	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	69	punct	_	_
71	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	62	acl:relcl	_	_
72	in	in	ADV	RB	_	71	advmod	_	_
73	so	so	ADV	RB	_	74	advmod	_	_
74	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	75	amod	_	_
75	countries	country	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	71	obj	_	_
76	directed	direct	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	60	ccomp	_	_
77	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	78	amod	_	_
78	aspirations	aspiration	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	76	obj	_	_
79	to	to	PART	TO	_	80	mark	_	_
80	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	78	acl	_	_
81	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	83	cc	_	_
82	fatal	fatal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	83	amod	_	_
83	ends	end	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	78	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
84	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	85	punct	_	_
85	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	76	conj	_	_
86	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	87	det	_	_
87	existence	existence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	85	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
88	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	90	punct	_	_
89	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	90	det	_	_
90	period	period	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	appos	_	_
91	of	of	ADP	IN	_	92	case	_	_
92	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	98	obl	_	_
93	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	98	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
94	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	96	det:predet	_	_
95	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	96	det	_	_
96	struggles	struggle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	98	nsubj	_	_
97	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	98	aux:pass	_	_
98	characterised	characteris	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	90	acl:relcl	_	_
99	by	by	ADP	IN	_	101	case	_	_
100	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	101	det	_	_
101	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	98	obl	_	_
102	of	of	ADP	IN	_	103	case	_	_
103	liberty	liberty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	101	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
104	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	106	punct	_	_
105	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	106	cc	_	_
106	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	98	conj	_	_
107	by	by	ADP	IN	_	108	case	_	_
108	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	106	obl	_	_
109	of	of	ADP	IN	_	110	case	_	_
110	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	108	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
111	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	113	punct	_	_
112	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	113	mark	_	_
113	directed	direct	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	98	conj	_	_
114	to	to	ADP	IN	_	116	case	_	_
115	Gaelic	gaelic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	116	amod	_	_
116	princes	prince	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	113	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
117	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	120	punct	_	_
118	to	to	ADP	IN	_	120	case	_	_
119	Norman	norman	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	120	amod	_	_
120	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	113	conj	_	_
121	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	123	nsubj	_	_
122	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	123	aux	_	_
123	become	become	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	120	acl:relcl	_	_
124	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	123	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
125	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	127	punct	_	_
126	to	to	ADP	IN	_	127	case	_	_
127	Charles	Charles	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	113	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
128	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	130	punct	_	_
129	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	130	cc	_	_
130	James	James	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	127	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
131	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	90	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
132	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	90	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **misrepresent** | participle |  | a period *not said here* |  |  |  | partisan historians *obl:agent*; calamitously *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **passion** |  |  |  |  |  |  | which *nsubj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **wilder** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **have in** | present |  | political theories |  |  | since the first French Revolution | many countries *obj* | tree rules |
| 5 | **direct** | past | political theories | high aspirations or fatal ends |  |  |  |  | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent aspiration=Eventuality |
| 6 | **mean** | to-infinitive | political theories *not said here* | high aspirations or fatal ends *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **have** | past | political theories *not said here* | no existence |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent existence=Patient |
| 8 | **characteris** | past · passive | the spirit of liberty | all struggles |  |  |  | of a period | tree rules |
| 9 | **direct** | participle | the spirit of liberty *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to Gaelic princes; Norman chiefs *conj*; Charles or James *parataxis* | vn performance-26.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 10 | **become** | past · perfect | Norman chiefs |  |  |  |  | irish *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 12 | **deal** |  | Patrick  St. |  |  |  | with Ireland's time with that six centuries between the Norman invasion and Inisfail |  | nom deal «act transitive»: poss=agent with=obl |
| 13 | **repeal** |  |  | the penal laws in the latter half of the eighteenth century |  |  |  |  | nom repeal «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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