---
title: Notwithstanding the destruction of numberless Irish books which cert… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics
description: Notwithstanding the destruction of numberless Irish books which certainly existed as late as 1631, and the yet larger number known to have been extant in the eleventh century, besides the vast collections which perished during the Danish invasions, we are informed that the Irish books still preserve
---

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# The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 2, sentence 47

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Notwithstanding the destruction of numberless Irish books which certainly existed as late as 1631, and the yet larger number known to have been extant in the eleventh century, besides the vast collections which perished during the Danish invasions, we are informed that the Irish books still preserved in Trinity College, Dublin, and the Royal Irish Academy would alone fill 30,000 quarto pages.

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**Who acts:** numberless Irish books, vast collections, Irish books, Royal Irish Academy · **What happens:** notwithstand, exist, know, be, perish, inform · **To what, where:** destruction, larger number, we, Trinity College, 30,000 quarto pages, numberless Irish books · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (numberless Irish books, vast collections, Irish books, Royal Irish Academy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78491:2:47
# text = Notwithstanding the destruction of numberless Irish books which certainly existed as late as 1631, and the yet larger number known to have been extant in the eleventh century, besides the vast collections which perished during the Danish invasions, we are informed that the Irish books still preserved in Trinity College, Dublin, and the Royal Irish Academy would alone fill 30,000 quarto pages.
1	Notwithstanding	notwithstand	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	44	advcl	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	destruction	destruction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	numberless	numberless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
9	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	existed	exist	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
11	as	as	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	late	late	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	1631	1631	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
18	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	larger	large	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	20	amod	_	_
20	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
21	known	know	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	acl	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	25	mark	_	_
23	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	25	aux	_	_
24	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	25	cop	_	_
25	extant	extant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	xcomp	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	eleventh	eleventh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	29	amod	_	_
29	century	century	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
31	besides	besides	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	vast	vast	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	34	amod	_	_
34	collections	collection	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
35	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	36	nsubj	_	_
36	perished	perish	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	acl:relcl	_	_
37	during	during	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
39	Danish	danish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	invasions	invasion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	36	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
42	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
43	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	44	aux:pass	_	_
44	informed	inform	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
45	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	50	mark	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
47	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
48	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	50	nsubj	_	_
49	still	still	ADV	RB	_	50	advmod	_	_
50	preserved	preserve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	44	ccomp	_	_
51	in	in	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	Trinity	Trinity	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	53	compound	_	_
53	College	College	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	50	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	55	punct	_	_
55	Dublin	Dublin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	53	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	64	punct	_	_
57	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	64	cc	_	_
58	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	61	det	_	_
59	Royal	Royal	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	61	amod	_	_
60	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	61	amod	_	_
61	Academy	Academy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	64	nsubj	_	_
62	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	64	aux	_	_
63	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	64	advmod	_	_
64	fill	fill	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	44	parataxis	_	_
65	30,000	30,000	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	67	nummod	_	_
66	quarto	quarto	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	67	compound	_	_
67	pages	page	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	64	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
68	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	44	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **notwithstand** | gerund |  | the destruction of numberless Irish books |  |  |  | besides the vast collections; the larger number *obl* | tree rules |
| 2 | **exist** | past | numberless Irish books |  |  |  |  | certainly, late *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **know** | participle |  | the larger number *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **is** | to-infinitive · perfect |  |  |  |  | century | extant *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **perish** | past | the vast collections |  |  |  | during the Danish invasions |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **inform** *speech: other* | present · passive |  | we |  |  |  |  | vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient S»: subject=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 7 | **preserve** | past | the Irish books |  |  | Trinity College  Dublin | still |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **fill** | would | the Royal Irish Academy | 30,000 quarto pages |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent page=Patient |
| 9 | **destroy** |  |  | numberless Irish books |  |  |  |  | nom destruction «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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