---
title: These volumes exist, almost all of them, in MS. only; while a few, w… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics
description: These volumes exist, almost all of them, in MS. only; while a few, which, without State aid or any public encouragement, have been translated, remain unprinted--a circumstance not honourable either to Ireland’s patriotism, or to that love of learning once her boast. Who acts: volumes, circumstance, 
---

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# The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 2, sentence 48

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These volumes exist, almost all of them, in MS. only; while a few, which, without State aid or any public encouragement, have been translated, remain unprinted--a circumstance not honourable either to Ireland’s patriotism, or to that love of learning once her boast.

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**Who acts:** volumes, circumstance, Ireland · **What happens:** exist, translate, remain, unprint, love, boast · **To what, where:** learning

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This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (volumes, circumstance, Ireland), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78491:2:48
# text = These volumes exist, almost all of them, in MS. only; while a few, which, without State aid or any public encouragement, have been translated, remain unprinted--a circumstance not honourable either to Ireland’s patriotism, or to that love of learning once her boast.
1	These	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	volumes	volume	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	exist	exist	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	advcl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	MS.	MS.	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	parataxis	_	_
12	only	only	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
18	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	without	without	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	State	State	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	aid	aid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	parataxis	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	26	det	_	_
25	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	encouragement	encouragement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
28	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
29	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	30	aux:pass	_	_
30	translated	translate	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	remain	remain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	conj	_	_
33	unprinted	unprint	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	32	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	circumstance	circumstance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl:agent	_	_
37	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	38	advmod	_	_
38	honourable	honourable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
39	either	either	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	38	advmod	_	_
40	to	to	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
41	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	43	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	’s	's	PART	POS	_	41	case	_	_
43	patriotism	patriotism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
45	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
46	to	to	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
47	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	48	det	_	_
48	love	love	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	43	appos	_	_
49	of	of	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
50	learning	learning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	nmod	_	_
51	once	once	SCONJ	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	53	nmod:poss	_	_
53	boast	boast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **exist** | present | this volumes |  |  |  |  | MS. *parataxis* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **translate** | present · perfect · passive | a circumstance |  |  |  |  |  | vn turn-26.6.1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **remain** | infinitive | a circumstance *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **unprint** | participle | a circumstance *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **love** |  |  | learning once Ireland's boast |  |  |  |  | nom love «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
| 6 | **boast** |  | Ireland |  |  |  |  |  | nom boast «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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