--- title: And ever as the wine-dark seas they clave The sons of Usnach stood u… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics description: And ever as the wine-dark seas they clave The sons of Usnach stood upon the prow And spread their arms to Erin o’er the wave; And each to each exclaimed; ‘To guide the plough Or break the clod, still breathing Erin’s air, Were better than to rule and reign elsewhere!’ Who acts: clave. A sentence of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/5/91/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The foray of Queen Meave, and other le…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/) / [Opening, part 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/5/) / 91 # The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 5, sentence 91 And ever as the wine-dark seas they clave The sons of Usnach stood upon the prow And spread their arms to Erin o’er the wave; And each to each exclaimed; ‘To guide the plough Or break the clod, still breathing Erin’s air, Were better than to rule and reign elsewhere!’ **Who acts:** clave · **What happens:** stand, spread, exclaim, guide, break, breathe · **To what, where:** prow, arms, Erin, each, plough, clod This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (clave), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg78491:5:91 # text = And ever as the wine-dark seas they clave The sons of Usnach stood upon the prow And spread their arms to Erin o’er the wave; And each to each exclaimed; ‘To guide the plough Or break the clod, still breathing Erin’s air, Were better than to rule and reign elsewhere!’ 1 And and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 2 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 10 advmod _ _ 3 as as ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 4 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 5 wine wine NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 6 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 5 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 7 dark dark ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 seas sea NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ _ 9 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 10 clave clave NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ _ 11 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 sons son NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 nsubj _ _ 13 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 Usnach Usnach PROPN NNP Number=Sing 12 nmod _ _ 15 stood stand VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 16 upon upon ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 18 prow prow NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 19 And and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 spread spread VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 15 conj _ _ 21 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 22 nmod:poss _ _ 22 arms arm NOUN NNS Number=Plur 20 obj _ _ 23 to to ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 24 Erin Erin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 20 obl _ _ 25 o’er o'er ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 27 wave wave NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 28 ; ; PUNCT : _ 33 punct _ _ 29 And and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 30 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 33 nsubj:pass _ _ 31 to to ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 30 nmod _ _ 33 exclaimed exclaim VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 15 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 34 ; ; PUNCT : _ 37 punct _ _ 35 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 37 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 36 To to PART TO _ 37 mark _ _ 37 guide guide VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 15 parataxis _ _ 38 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 39 det _ _ 39 plough plough NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obj _ _ 40 Or or CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 41 break break VERB VB Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin 37 conj _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 clod clod NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 44 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 45 still still ADV RB _ 46 advmod _ _ 46 breathing breathe VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 37 conj _ _ 47 Erin Erin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 49 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 48 ’s 's PART POS _ 47 case _ _ 49 air air NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 50 , , PUNCT , _ 52 punct _ _ 51 Were were ADV RB _ 52 advmod _ _ 52 better good ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 46 parataxis _ _ 53 than than SCONJ IN _ 55 mark _ _ 54 to to PART TO _ 55 mark _ _ 55 rule rule VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 52 csubj _ _ 56 and and CCONJ CC _ 57 cc _ _ 57 reign reign VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 55 conj _ _ 58 elsewhere elsewhere ADV RB _ 57 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 59 ! ! PUNCT . _ 37 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 60 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 37 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **stand** | past | clave the dark seas seas | | | the prow | | the sons of Usnach *nsubj* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon prow=Location | | 2 | **spread** | past | clave the dark seas seas *not said here* | sons's arms | Erin | | | o'er the wave | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location arm=Theme | | 3 | **exclaim** *speech: express* | participle · passive | | each to each | | | | | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | | 4 | **guide** | to-infinitive | | the plough | | | | | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plough=Theme | | 5 | **break** | infinitive | | the clod | | | | | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer clod=Patient | | 6 | **breathe** | gerund | | Erin's air | | | still | | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme | | 7 | **rule** | to-infinitive | | | | | | | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 8 | **reign** | infinitive | | | | | | elsewhere *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 90](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/5/90/) - next →: [sentence 92](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/5/92/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/5/)