---
title: Low-toned he spake; but Naisi heard, and thus Made answer, reddening… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics
description: Low-toned he spake; but Naisi heard, and thus Made answer, reddening like a rising moon, ‘We scorn their aid! Who acts: Naisi, We. A sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 6, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 6, sentence 12

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Low-toned he spake; but Naisi heard, and thus Made answer, reddening like a rising moon, ‘We scorn their aid!

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**Who acts:** Naisi, We · **What happens:** tone, hear, make, redden, rise, scorn · **To what, where:** Low toned spake, aid

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This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Naisi, We), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78491:6:12
# text = Low-toned he spake; but Naisi heard, and thus Made answer, reddening like a rising moon, ‘We scorn their aid!
1	Low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	toned	tone	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	spake	speak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	Naisi	Naisi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	thus	thus	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	Made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	answer	answer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	reddening	redden	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	conj	_	_
17	like	like	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	rising	rise	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	20	amod	_	_
20	moon	moon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	scorn	scorn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	parataxis	_	_
25	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	aid	aid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tone** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **hear** | past | Naisi | Low toned spake  Fergus *not said here* |  |  |  | Made answer *conj* | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer speak=Stimulus |
| 3 | **make** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | thus *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 4 | **redden** | gerund | Naisi *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a rising moon | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **rise** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **scorn** | present | We | sons's aid |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent aid=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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