---
title: In silence sat the chiefs, mindful at once Of duty sworn to Uladh’s… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics
description: In silence sat the chiefs, mindful at once Of duty sworn to Uladh’s king, their Lord, And of his counter-pledge to Usnach’s sons; But all the Bonachts ranged adown the board Rushed forth to boast their zeal, and clutch their prey, Aliens base-born that fought not save for pay. Who acts: Bonachts, Al
---

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# The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 6, sentence 81

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In silence sat the chiefs, mindful at once Of duty sworn to Uladh’s king, their Lord, And of his counter-pledge to Usnach’s sons; But all the Bonachts ranged adown the board Rushed forth to boast their zeal, and clutch their prey, Aliens base-born that fought not save for pay.

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**Who acts:** Bonachts, Aliens · **What happens:** sit, swear, range, rush, boast, clutch · **To what, where:** chiefs, silence, duty, adown, board, zeal

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This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bonachts, Aliens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78491:6:82
# text = In silence sat the chiefs, mindful at once Of duty sworn to Uladh’s king, their Lord, And of his counter-pledge to Usnach’s sons; But all the Bonachts ranged adown the board Rushed forth to boast their zeal, and clutch their prey, Aliens base-born that fought not save for pay.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	silence	silence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
3	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	chiefs	chief	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	mindful	mindful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	3	obl	_	_
10	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	duty	duty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	sworn	swear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	Uladh	Uladh	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	’s	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	Lord	Lord	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
21	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	counter-pledge	counter-pledge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
25	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	Usnach	Usnach	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	28	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	’s	's	PART	POS	_	26	case	_	_
28	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	34	punct	_	_
30	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
31	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	33	det:predet	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	Bonachts	bonacht	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nsubj	_	_
34	ranged	range	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	acl:relcl	_	_
35	adown	adown	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	board	board	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
38	Rushed	rush	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	37	acl	_	_
39	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
40	to	to	PART	TO	_	41	mark	_	_
41	boast	boast	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	38	advcl	_	_
42	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	43	nmod:poss	_	_
43	zeal	zeal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
46	clutch	clutch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	34	conj	_	_
47	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	48	nmod:poss	_	_
48	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
49	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
50	Aliens	alien	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	obl	_	_
51	base	base	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	51	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	50	acl	_	_
54	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	57	nsubj	_	_
55	fought	fight	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	57	aux	_	_
56	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	55	advmod	_	_
57	save	save	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	50	acl:relcl	_	_
58	for	for	ADP	IN	_	59	case	_	_
59	pay	pay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	57	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past |  | the chiefs |  | silence |  | lord's counter-pledge to Usnach's sons *conj* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent chief=Theme in silence=Location |
| 2 | **swear** | participle |  | duty *not said here* |  |  |  | to Uladh's king | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **range** | past | all Bonachts | adown |  |  |  | the board *obj* | tree rules |
| 4 | **rush** | participle |  | the board *not said here* |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **boast** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  | Bonachts's zeal |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **clutch** | infinitive | all Bonachts *not said here* | Bonachts's prey |  |  |  | Aliens *obl* | vn hold-15.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Theme |
| 7 | **bear** | participle |  | Aliens *not said here* |  |  |  | base *compound* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer |
| 8 | **save** | past | Aliens |  |  |  |  | for pay | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent for pay=Source |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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