---
title: Alone, girt round by hostile rank on rank, Usnach’s great sons, unva… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics
description: Alone, girt round by hostile rank on rank, Usnach’s great sons, unvanquished, still fought on; And ever when their arms exhausted sank, And for a moment strength was all but gone, Deirdré, amidst them, like a prophet poured Her war-songs forth, and still their strength restored. Who acts: you, arms,
---

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# The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 7, sentence 66

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Alone, girt round by hostile rank on rank, Usnach’s great sons, unvanquished, still fought on; And ever when their arms exhausted sank, And for a moment strength was all but gone, Deirdré, amidst them, like a prophet poured Her war-songs forth, and still their strength restored.

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**Who acts:** you, arms, prophet, strength · **What happens:** girt, fight on, exhaust, sink, be, pour · **To what, where:** arms, war songs

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This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, arms, prophet, strength), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78491:7:66
# text = Alone, girt round by hostile rank on rank, Usnach’s great sons, unvanquished, still fought on; And ever when their arms exhausted sank, And for a moment strength was all but gone, Deirdré, amidst them, like a prophet poured Her war-songs forth, and still their strength restored.
1	Alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	girt	girt	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	round	round	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	hostile	hostile	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rank	rank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	rank	rank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	Usnach	Usnach	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	’s	's	PART	POS	_	11	case	_	_
13	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	unvanquished	unvanquished	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	still	still	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	fought	fight	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	RP	_	19	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
22	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
23	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	28	advmod	_	_
24	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	28	advmod	_	_
25	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	nsubj	_	_
27	exhausted	exhaust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	26	acl	_	_
28	sank	sink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	38	punct	_	_
30	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
31	for	for	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	34	det	_	_
33	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	compound	_	_
34	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	obl	_	_
35	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	cop	_	_
36	all	all	ADV	RB	_	38	advmod	_	_
37	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	38	cc	_	_
38	gone	gone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	40	punct	_	_
40	Deirdré	Deirdré	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	38	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
42	amidst	amidst	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
43	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	48	punct	_	_
45	like	like	SCONJ	IN	_	48	mark	_	_
46	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
47	prophet	prophet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	nsubj	_	_
48	poured	pour	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	parataxis	_	_
49	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	52	nmod:poss	_	_
50	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	50	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	songs	song	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	48	obj	_	_
53	forth	forth	ADV	RB	_	48	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	59	punct	_	_
55	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	59	cc	_	_
56	still	still	ADV	RB	_	58	advmod	_	_
57	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	58	nmod:poss	_	_
58	strength	strength	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	59	nsubj	_	_
59	restored	restore	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	48	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
60	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **girt** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by hostile rank on rank; alone, round *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **fight on** | participle | you *not said here* |  |  |  | still |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **exhaust** | participle |  | sheep's arms *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **sink** | past | sheep's arms |  |  |  | ever |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 5 | **is** | past |  |  |  |  |  | for a moment strength; Deirdré *vocative*; sheep *advcl*; all, gone *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **pour** | past | a prophet | prophet's war songs |  |  |  | forth *property* | vn preparing-26.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent song=Patient |
| 7 | **restore** | participle | sheep's strength |  |  |  |  |  | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **sing** |  | prophet |  |  |  |  |  | nom song «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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