---
title: Three times, heart-grieved, that concourse raised their cry Piercing… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics
description: Three times, heart-grieved, that concourse raised their cry Piercing the centre of the low-hung sky. Who acts: concourse, babes. A sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 9, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ever
---

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# The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 9, sentence 3

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Three times, heart-grieved, that concourse raised their cry Piercing the centre of the low-hung sky.

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**Who acts:** concourse, babes · **What happens:** grieve, raise, pierce, cry · **To what, where:** Three times, cry, centre

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This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (concourse, babes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78491:9:3
# text = Three times, heart-grieved, that concourse raised their cry Piercing the centre of the low-hung sky.
1	Three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	grieved	grieve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	9	det	_	_
9	concourse	concourse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	raised	raise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	Piercing	pierce	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	centre	centre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
18	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	hung	hung	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grieve** | participle · passive |  | Three times |  |  |  | heart *compound* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer |
| 2 | **raise** | past | that concourse | babes's cry |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cry=Theme |
| 3 | **pierce** | gerund | that concourse *not said here* | the centre of the hung sky |  |  |  |  | vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent centre=Patient |
| 4 | **cry** |  | babes *= babe* |  |  |  |  |  | nom cry «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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