--- title: Thus singing, mid their dirge the sentenced soared Heaven-high; then… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics description: Thus singing, mid their dirge the sentenced soared Heaven-high; then hanging mute on plumes outspread, With downcast eye long time that lake explored; And lastly with a great cry northward sped: Then was it Erin’s sons, listening that cry, Decreed: ‘The man who slays a swan shall die.’ Who acts: lak --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/9/56/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The foray of Queen Meave, and other le…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/) / [Opening, part 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/9/) / 56 # The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 9, sentence 56 Thus singing, mid their dirge the sentenced soared Heaven-high; then hanging mute on plumes outspread, With downcast eye long time that lake explored; And lastly with a great cry northward sped: Then was it Erin’s sons, listening that cry, Decreed: ‘The man who slays a swan shall die.’ **Who acts:** lake, mute, sons, man · **What happens:** sing, sentence, soar, hang, explore, speed · **To what, where:** Heaven, mute, plumes, eye long time, sons, cry This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lake, mute, sons, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg78491:9:57 # text = Thus singing, mid their dirge the sentenced soared Heaven-high; then hanging mute on plumes outspread, With downcast eye long time that lake explored; And lastly with a great cry northward sped: Then was it Erin’s sons, listening that cry, Decreed: ‘The man who slays a swan shall die.’ 1 Thus thus ADV RB _ 2 advmod _ _ 2 singing sing VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 4 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 4 mid mid X AFX _ 9 advmod _ _ 5 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ _ 6 dirge dirge NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obj _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 sentenced sentence VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 4 goeswith _ _ 9 soared soar VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 10 Heaven Heaven PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 11 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 10 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 12 high high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 9 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 13 ; ; PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 14 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 15 advmod _ _ 15 hanging hang VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 9 advcl _ _ 16 mute mute NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 17 on on ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 18 plumes plume NOUN NNS Number=Plur 15 obl _ _ 19 outspread outspread ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 21 With with ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 22 downcast downcast NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound _ _ 23 eye eye NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 compound _ _ 24 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 26 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 28 obj _ _ 27 lake lake NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ _ 28 explored explore VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 29 ; ; PUNCT : _ 37 punct _ _ 30 And and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 31 lastly lastly ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 32 with with ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 33 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 34 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 35 amod _ _ 35 cry cry NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obl _ _ 36 northward northward ADV RB _ 37 advmod _ _ 37 sped speed VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 38 : : PUNCT : _ 44 punct _ _ 39 Then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 44 advmod _ _ 40 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 44 cop _ _ 41 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 nsubj _ _ 42 Erin Erin PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 43 ’s 's PART POS _ 42 case _ _ 44 sons son NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 45 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 46 listening listen VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 44 acl _ _ 47 that that DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 48 det _ _ 48 cry cry NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 49 , , PUNCT , _ 50 punct _ _ 50 Decreed Decreed PROPN NNP Number=Sing 44 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 51 : : PUNCT : _ 60 punct _ _ 52 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 60 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 53 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 54 det _ _ 54 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 60 nsubj _ _ 55 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 56 nsubj _ _ 56 slays slay VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 54 acl:relcl _ _ 57 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 58 det _ _ 58 swan swan NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 obj _ _ 59 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 60 aux _ _ 60 die die VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 37 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 61 . . PUNCT . _ 60 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 62 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 60 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund | | | | | | thus *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **sentence** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **soar** | past | | Heaven | | | | high *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: agent=Theme heaven=Result | | 4 | **hang** | gerund | | mute | | plumes | then; time | outspread *property* | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent mute=Theme on plume=Destination | | 5 | **explore** | past | lake | eye long time | | | | | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent that=Location | | 6 | **speed** | past | | | | | | with a great cry; lastly, northward *property* | tree rules | | 7 | **is a** | past | mute | Erin's sons | | | then | Decreed *nmod*; Erin *nmod:poss* | tree rules | | 8 | **listen** | gerund | Erin's sons *not said here* | that cry | | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **slay** | present | the man | a swan | | | | | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent swan=Patient | | 10 | **die** | shall | the man | | | | | | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 55](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/9/55/) - next →: [sentence 57](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/9/57/) - ↑ back to [Opening, part 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/9/)