---
title: ‘Whilome our four small cots of pearl and gold Lay, side by side, be… — The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of I… · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘Whilome our four small cots of pearl and gold Lay, side by side, before our father’s bed, And silken foldings kept us from the cold: But now on restless waves our couch is spread; And now our bed-clothes are the white sea-foam: And now by night the sea-rock is our home.’ Who acts: silken foldings, 
---

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# The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 9, sentence 81

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‘Whilome our four small cots of pearl and gold Lay, side by side, before our father’s bed, And silken foldings kept us from the cold: But now on restless waves our couch is spread; And now our bed-clothes are the white sea-foam: And now by night the sea-rock is our home.’

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**Who acts:** silken foldings, bed clothes, sea rock · **What happens:** keep, spread, be · **To what, where:** us, cold, couch, restless waves, white sea foam, home

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This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (silken foldings, bed clothes, sea rock), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg78491:9:82
# text = ‘Whilome our four small cots of pearl and gold Lay, side by side, before our father’s bed, And silken foldings kept us from the cold: But now on restless waves our couch is spread; And now our bed-clothes are the white sea-foam: And now by night the sea-rock is our home.’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Whilome	Whilome	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
4	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	cots	cot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	pearl	pearl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	Lay	Lay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	before	before	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
18	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	19	nmod:poss	_	_
19	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	’s	's	PART	POS	_	19	case	_	_
21	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	silken	silken	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	foldings	folding	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
26	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
27	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	_
28	from	from	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	40	punct	_	_
32	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
33	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	40	advmod	_	_
34	on	on	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	restless	restless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obl	_	_
37	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	38	nmod:poss	_	_
38	couch	couch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	nsubj:pass	_	_
39	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	40	aux:pass	_	_
40	spread	spread	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	53	punct	_	_
42	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	53	cc	_	_
43	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	53	advmod	_	_
44	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	47	nmod:poss	_	_
45	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	47	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	45	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	clothes	clothes	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	53	nsubj	_	_
48	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	53	cop	_	_
49	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
50	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	53	amod	_	_
51	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	51	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	foam	foam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	65	punct	_	_
55	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	65	cc	_	_
56	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	65	advmod	_	_
57	by	by	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
58	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	65	obl	_	_
59	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	62	det	_	_
60	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	62	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	60	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	65	nsubj	_	_
63	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	65	cop	_	_
64	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	65	nmod:poss	_	_
65	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
66	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
67	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | silken foldings |  | us | the cold |  |  | vn forbid-64.4 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer we=Beneficiary from cold=Eventuality |
| 2 | **spread** | present · passive |  | our couch |  | restless waves | now |  | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on wave=Destination |
| 3 | **is a** | present | our bed clothes | the white sea foam |  |  | now |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **is a** | present | the sea rock | our home |  |  | now; night | our *nmod:poss* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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